In the recipe at home Beer bomb making, one of the simplest recipes is a mixture called TATP. Its basic ingredients are acetone, the active ingredients of nail polish remover, and industrial use A colorless, tasteless liquid that looks like drinking water. \"All I have to do is take a standard water bottle to the bathroom,\" said Neil Landman, Senior President of chemical safety at San Diego consulting. \"I poured the water out, I mixed them in the bottle, and before I finished mixing, the reaction had already happened and the plane was in serious trouble. \"Many steps are needed to achieve this. Some are as simple as shopping in Rite Aid or Home Depot. Others may need chemical expertise and limited industrial opportunitiesgrade supplies. TATP gives us a simple lesson: making bombs is neither as simple as some websites claim, nor as complex as security officials would like. For decades, terrorists have been making dark explorations that require such easy access to knowledge that Google search will find the necessary instructions. The government has spent more than $100 million to study how to detect the various components of liquid explosives, but is not prepared to deploy equipment at the airport. Some experts say there will never be a foolproof solution. TATP, or triacetone triperoxide, is one of many explosives that authorities say may be linked to the aircraft bombing plot claimed by British authorities on Thursday. Other explosives include high volatility of nitric acid, Ramzi Ahmed Yousef-- Architect of the 1993 World Trade Center attack-- On 1994, a bomb exploded on a Philippine passenger plane, killing one passenger. The IRA terrorists used a mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil in the United Kingdom-ANFO-to blow up cars. When evaporation is allowed in a closed space, ordinary liquids such as gasoline or alcohol can also be used as explosives. The power of explosives is very different, but it doesn\'t take much to create a disaster at 30,000 feet. Ted Postol, a physicist and science professor, said: \"You don\'t need to cause a lot of damage to the plane ,\", technology and National Security Policy at MIT. British and U. S. Investigators found some signs that the plot\'s 24 suspects intended to use hydrogen peroxide. Explosive devices like TATP. This workaholic is the window to the real world. it- You blew yourself. Like all explosives, it mixes flammable liquids as fuel with an oxidation agent that provides ignition. The terrorists who launched the London subway attack last year used TATP. This is a landmark bombing of al-Qaida, which is often used by Hamas. \"Three acetone and three peroxide are very popular,\" said Edward M . \" Arnett is an honorary professor of chemistry at Duke University and a member of the National Academy of Sciences committee that investigates the threat of homemade bombs. \"You don\'t need a whole pile, it can cause a very violent explosion. \"Some components are easy to get. The acetone of TATP can be purchased in large quantities as a paint remover in hardware stores. One attraction of liquid explosives is that their individual components can be transported safely and harmlessly. To an X- The ray screening machine is no different from bottled water. \"By this morning, it was easy to get these liquids through security inspectors,\" said Langerman of senior chemical safety . \". \"People have been doing this inadvertently --- Acetone, Pine fat, gasoline in nail polish detergent. The most difficult part of making this bomb is mixing chemicals. -and surviving. This has nothing to do with suicide bombers. \"If you don\'t care about your life in one way or another, it will do the job,\" Arnett said . \". But not all bomb ingredients are available at local shopping malls. For example, hydrogen peroxide was found in hair dye and sold as a preservative, but experts say the home peroxide is too weak to explode. Highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide is usually sold to industrial customers, although Mary Anne Fox, president of the University of California, San Diego, who leads the National Academy of Sciences Commission, said chemical supply companies can easily buy it. These vendors do not need to track their customers. Even if terrorists get the right ingredients, there are many ways to attack that could go wrong. The only passenger killed in the Philippine passenger plane case was a Japanese man sitting above the bomb. Another 10 people were injured, but the pilot managed to land safely on the plane. Jimmie C. Oakley, a professor of chemistry at the University of Rhode Island and an expert in explosives, said she doubted whether TATP was strong enough to shoot down the plane without additional force from detonators. \"It will explode, but it will not be the kind of explosion that will hole in the side of the plane,\" she said . \". The terrorists turned to liquid explosives because the transport safety authority has been working to detect solid explosives such as Semtex, a powerful plastic weapon. Tony Finberg said that the current screening system relies on the fact that the explosive molecules are very negatively charged, \"which means they are very sticky,\" and that he worked at TSA for seven years, department of Homeland Security and the Federal Aviation Administration. \"They are attached to dust and particles on the skin. \"Airport security personnel can identify them by analyzing residues on the filter paper used to wipe them with them At a dedicated booth, blow the traveler away with a bag or air. These methods do not work for liquids. Homeland Security Minister cher Tov said Thursday that the Department of Homeland Security has done quite a bit of work on liquid explosives. \"The technology to detect them exists. Water droplets applied to starch According to Langerman, iodine paper can recognize peroxide like litmus test paper recognizes acid. However, it is impractical to open each bottle of liquid at the airport. He said that flammable liquid steam leaked out of the container, and security personnel could use commercial chemical sensors suitable for the airport to look for them in suitcases. Despite this, the authorities still recognize that there will always be chemicals that evade their latest sensors. \"Because threats are always evolving and changing, it is an ongoing effort to stay ahead,\" said David M . \" Stone, former director of the Transportation Safety Administration. \"We will never be in a position to fully address the threat. \"*( Start text of the infobox) Detection of liquid explosives is often more difficult to detect than solid explosives. The new machine that analyzes the contents of the bottle is being tested, but most airports still rely on so- Called tracking detection unit. The trace detector wipes the object with a cloth, the cloth is placed inside the machine, and the explosives are analyzed. Particles blowing on people detect microscopic particles whose air release is sucked into the machine and analyzed. -- Other methods of detecting explosions that use electronic tags and RF technology to track and identify items. * High rebound of millimeter wave imaging Frequency signals, one can measure temperature differences and identify objects hidden under clothes. * Low level 4 Rod resonance use related to hospital-used magnetic resonance imaging It can recognize the strength of a small amount of plastic explosives. Raman technology uses laser to analyze chemical fingerprints of unknown substances. \'-- Source: GE Security. The graphic report by Scott Wilson Times staff writer Nicole Goyett in Washington contributed to the report.
