The sight of a cockroach passing through the floor has made most of us shudder, but in the midst of a disaster, cockroaches may become our new best friend. Transformed into cockroaches in remote areas by surgery Controlled \"bio-robots\" can help locate earthquake survivorsto-access areas. This new video from the iBionics lab at North Carolina State University shows how lab-enhanced cockroaches can be manipulated with amazing precision. To learn more, Amanda Fiegl spoke with Alper Bozkurt, an assistant professor of engineering who led the project of cockroach bio-robotics. What is Biobot? Is it like an electronic man, a combination of creatures and robots? \"Biological robot\" is the abbreviation of \"biological robot. \"This is the first stage in creating what we call insect robots. At the moment, we can control these cockroaches remotely, let them stop, walk, and turn. If we can allow them to interact independently with the technology we have implanted, then they will become real semi-robots. Is it difficult to do surgery on cockroaches? No, it\'s very simple. Insects can be anesthesia in the refrigerator for a few hours. The cold basically keeps them dormant, so they don\'t move. All you need is tweezers and a microscope. We had a simple procedure to insert the electrode into the antenna of the roaches and cerci [rear sensors]. We also use medical equipment. Stick a small magnet to the back with epoxy so we can snap on a backpack with a wireless control system. ( See also \"the brain of a cockroach may contain new antibiotics. \") Your paper mentions that these biological robots can help rescue earthquake survivors. How, exactly? They can carry a positioning beacon and a micro-microphone in their backpacks to receive distress signals. Of course, human operators or computers still need to listen and guide them. Our biological robots are basically just burden animals. They can also carry cameras or any other micro-sensor they can imagine. These experiments were carried out on a flat surface in a very controlled lab environment, so we are testing now Imitate some real bedslife scenarios. I don\'t think it will take us a long time to deploy them to actually help the rescuers. ( See \"robotic animal trap AmericaS. Poachers. \") Why use real cockroaches instead of synthetic robots made of harder materials? They carry a self. Dynamic Motion system. They have biological autonomy to help them survive, and they run away when they feel the danger, which makes it difficult for them to get trapped or squashed. This is very useful in uncertain dynamic environments. (Related: \"color- The replacement of rubber robots is helpful for animal research. \") How many cockroach bio robots have you created so far? Are most of them male or female? More than ten. We color them with nail polish of different colors to distinguish them. We prefer to work with females because they can carry eggs in the body, so in theory they are better at carrying a payload. But it also applies to men. Can you explain how you drive a bio-robot? We use pulses to stimulate their antenna sensor cells and make them think there is a barrier to navigating around. Cockroaches use tentacles as tactile sensors, similar to how blind people recognize the environment by hand. So when we stimulate the antenna sensor on the right side of the cockroach, it turns left and vice versa. We will also stimulate their cerci and let them move on. Cerci is a sensor at the back of the insect that senses any predator behind the insect. ( See pictures of animal robots in the image of nature made by marine machines. ) Does a pulse hurt a cockroach? No, there are a lot of scientific papers and evidence that, as we humans perceive, there is no pain in the animals. So we\'re not hitting them. they\'re responding to the pain. Their response is only to navigate around perceived obstacles. We don\'t want to torture cockroaches. In fact, we want our research to help the public understand the importance and complexity of these little people we share the ecosystem. Personally, I can\'t even kill pests at home because I appreciate them so much! The new biobot study was presented at the IEEE Society of Medicine and Biology Engineering August 28 conference in San Diego, California.